Behavior of Open- and Closed-Ended Piles Driven Into Sands

Rodrigo Salgado

Associate Professor, School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA

Bumjoo Kim

PhD Student, School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA

Kyuho Paik

Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Kwandong University, Kangwon-do, Korea

Junhwan Lee

Assistant Professor, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.

This paper is part of the Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol. 129, No. 4, April 1, 2003. ©ASCE, ISSN 1090-0241/2003/4-296–306.

According to the field test results of Szechy (1959), the blow count necessary for driving a pile to a certain depth in sands is lower for an open-ended pile than for a closed-ended pile. Other research results (McCammon and Golder 1970; Lu 1985; Smith et al. 1986; Brucy et al. 1991) have shown that the mode of pile driving is an important factor in driving resistance. Both the driving response and static bearing capacity of open-ended piles are affected by the soil plug that forms inside the pile during pile driving. The core of the present study was the pile load tests done on two pipe piles: one open-ended and the other closed-ended. The information generated by the load tests is particularly useful for engineers interested in the design of open-ended pipe piles in sand, as detailed data was collected on soil plug formation during driving and on static plug resistance.

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