Determination of Bearing Capacity of Open-Ended Piles in Sand

Kyuho Paik

Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Kwandong University, Kangwon-do, South Korea

Rodrigo Salgado

Associate Professor, School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA

This paper is part of the Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, Vol. 129, No. 1, January 1, 2003. ©ASCE, ISSN 1090-0241/2003/1-46–57.

The bearing capacity of open-ended piles is affected by the degree of soil plugging, which is quantified by the incremental filling ratio (IFR). Most design criteria for open-ended piles do not consider the variation of pile load capacity with IFR, and a standard technique for measuring IFR during pile installation has not yet been proposed. In order to investigate this effect, model pile load tests were conducted on instrumented open-ended piles using a calibration chamber. The results of model pile tests show that the IFR decreases with decreasing relative density and horizontal stress, but is independent of the vertical stress. It can also be seen that the IFR increases linearly with the plug length ratio (PLR) and can be estimated from the PLR. The unit base resistance shows a tendency to increase with decreasing IFR, and it does so at a rate that increases with relative density. The unit shaft resistance, normalized with respect to horizontal stress, increases with decreasing IFR and with increasing relative density.

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